Cardiac Surgery in Children- A Detailed Glossary
By Maitri
| Type | Procedure | Defects Treated | Description | |
| Shunts | Blalock-Taussig | Reduced pulmonary blood flow (TOF, TGA, pulmonary atresia, tricuspid atresia) | Classic: Anastomosis of subclavian artery to PA (with or without modification) | |
| Atrial mixing | Surgical atrial septostomy | TGA (early palliation), mitral atresia, complex congenital heart disease | Also called Blalock-Hanlon procedure | |
| Balloon atrial septostomy | TGA, tricuspid atresia | Percutaneous atrial septostomy, also called Rashkind balloon procedure | ||
| Closures | Atrial septal defect (ASD) closure | ASD with significant shunt | Primary or patch closure | |
| Percutaneous closure | ||||
| Ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure | Isolated VSD or with other anomalies (TOF) | Primary or patch closure | ||
| Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation | Patent ductus arteriosus | Ligation ± division of PDA | ||
| Transcatheter technique | ||||
| Endocardial cushion defect repair | Endocardial cushion defect (also called atrioventricular canal defect) | Closure of ASD and VSD, repair of atrioventricular valve abnormalities (e.g., cleft mitral leaflet) | ||
| PA banding | Surgical reduction in flow area of PA | Large left-to-right shunt lesions | PA band to decrease PA flow and pressure | |
| Atrial baffles | Mustard | TGA (replaced by arterial switch procedures at many centers) | Dacron or pericardial baffle directs systemic venous return to PA via anatomic LV, pulmonary venous return to aorta via anatomic RV | |
| Senning | TGA (replaced by arterial switch procedures at many centers). May be used as part of “double switch” procedure for L-TGA | RA free wall and interatrial septal tissue used for interatrial baffle similar to a Mustard repair. | ||
| Relief of stenosis | Aortic coarctation repair | Aortic coarctation | Various procedures including end-to-end anastomosis, patch enlargement, Gore-Tex graft; balloon dilation for recoarctation | |
| Pulmonic valvotomy | TOF, pulmonic stenosis | Brock trans-RV approach | ||
| Direct surgical repair | ||||
| Balloon dilation | ||||
| Aortic valvotomy | Congenital aortic stenosis | Direct surgical valvotomy or percutaneous balloon dilation | ||
| Mitral repair | Congenital mitral stenosis | Surgical commissurotomy—initially a “closed” procedure without cardiopulmonary | ||
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